Gen Re Research publications are another way we deliver underwriting expertise to clients. Gen Re's wealth of knowledge on various matters related to insurance and reinsurance issues is available to our clients on a global basis in several languages. Our aim is to deliver timely insights prepared by our specialists on topics that are most important to you. From mining risks to uninsured motorists to building contractors, we stay current with developments affecting the risks you write. Through our publications, we add to the ways we share that information with you.
Our research is prepared for and shared with the Gen Re client community. Some articles are generally available to all visitors while most research publications are for "clients only." Gen Re's clients can access our full research library and search capabilities through Gen Re Online, our Extranet. Clients can also obtain electronic and print copies of any individual publications by contacting us at . Our Publication Index provides a listing and summary of all research material, and is available on our home page. You can obtain more information about Gen Re Online and our publication library through your Gen Re account executive, or by emailing us at
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Issue: January, 2010Language: 简体
Summary: 第三期《风险聚焦》着重介绍糖尿病监测的变化和心源性猝死风险的评估。前者介绍国际上对HbA1c测定的新变化，并且对核保师如何解读检测结果提出建议；后者讨论运动员人群发生心源性猝死的风险及对高风险人群的筛查方法。
(The third issue of Risk Matters China focuses on the changes to diabetes monitoring and risk assessing of sudden cardiac death. The former describes the changes to the HbA1c measurement and how underwriters should interpret them, while the latter considers the risk of sudden cardiac death in elite athletes and explores the methods used to identify those at high risk.)
Issue: October, 2009Language: 简体
Summary: 撮要: 第二期的《风险聚焦》探讨了吸烟对急性心肌梗死发生率的影响，还讨论了保障宫颈原位癌的问题。前者研究禁烟对被动吸烟及整体急性心肌梗死发生率的影响；后者评估保障宫颈原位癌的价值，介绍其发生率经验，并探讨其对保障设计及定价的影响。短文两则，分别简要介绍“定义终末期疾病”及“Takotsubo心肌病”。
The second issue of Risk Matters China focuses on the contribution of smoking to heart attack rates and the cover for carcinoma in situ of cervix uteri. The former studies the effects smoking bans have had on passive smoking and overall heart attack rates while the latter assesses the value of insuring carcinoma in situ of cervix uteri, reviews some experience and discusses implications for benefit design and pricing. Two short essays briefly discuss "Defining Terminal Illness" and "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy" respectively.
Issue: June, 2009Language: 简体
Summary: .《风险聚焦》是我们送给中国客户的季刊印刷物，其内容聚焦于风险控制、核保核赔、医学进展等等。这是第一期《风险聚焦》。本期《风险聚焦》介绍了近来暴发的甲型H1N1流感的背景信息及与保险相关的问题、急性心肌梗死临床定义的演变、游离PSA在前列腺癌临床诊断中的价值。最后我们向您介绍两篇医学研究短文。
(This first Chinese edition of the "Risk Matters" quarterly newsletter updates the position relating to the spread and risk management of Influenza A (H1N1) and considers the possible impact of its current outbreak. Then we profile heart attack cover in critical illness insurance contracts, how wording has evolved in the clinical setting. The next article discusses how free PSA in conjunction with other evidence may help to distinguish malignant from benign cases of prostate cancer in males. Finally, we draw your attention to two medical research papers.)
Issue: December, 2008Language: 简体
Authors:
Thomas Ashley,
Chris Ball,
Michael Clift,
Lorna McLaren,
Ralph Price
Summary: 内容:驾驶评论及机动车纪录- 趋势、技术及术语;因前列腺癌接受前列腺切除术后前列腺特异性抗原复发(PSA):PSA倍增时间的含义;飞机驾驶员丧失驾驶执照保障;忧郁症及自杀风险。
(Contents: Driving Criticism and Motor Vehicle Records - Trends, Technology and Terminology; Recurrent PSA After Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: Implications of PSA Doubling Time; Pilot's Loss of License Cover; Depression and Suicide Risk; Inside Gen Re LifeHealth)
Issue: September, 2008Language: 简体
Summary: 本期讨论范围包括财务核保、收入残障险研究、理赔评估、老龄核保及比较团体险定价及棒球。
(In this edition we have a wide range of articles from financial underwriting to income disability studies, from claims assessment and underwriting the elderly to comparing group pricing with baseball.)
Issue: June, 2008Language: 简体
Summary: 在历特大险失失的，2008的大。在文，Rob van Horssen()合险的的地震所我的考。
After many years without note worthy large risk and catastrophe losses, China has been surprised by two large catastrophic events in 2008. In this article, we discuss the lessons that can be learned from the recent snowstorms and earthquakes, from a treaty reinsurer's point of view.
Issue: March, 2008Language: 简体
Summary: Gen Re 非比例临分（超赔临分）再保险产品是可以帮助保险公司有效管理业务风险波动的重要再保险工具，本文介绍该产品的优势和作用。
(Gen Re's facultative non-proportional product is a tool to help our clients manage the volatility in their portfolio. This flyer discusses its benefits.)
Issue: November, 2006Language: 简体
Authors:
Lynn Baillie,
Jutta Eich,
Sabine Fahrig,
Thomas Gehling,
Richard Lambert,
Marcus Pillay
Summary: 這期«保险观察»是伤残保险专辑的第二部分。讨论的题材包括在澳洲的伤残产品中什么是适当的财务核保？;南非职业性伤残险的盈利环境;伤残情况下的收入保障 – 法国的状况及费率计算方法;德国伤残保险市场的近期发展;英国伤残保险市场的新产品设计;伤残保险在荷兰;英国理赔管理的最佳方法及重温理赔管理技巧。
(This issue of Risk Insights® is the second of a two-part series on disability insurance. Topics discussed are: What is Adequate Financial Underwriting for Disability Products in Australia?; Profitable Environment for Occupational Disability Products in South Africa; Income Protection in Case of Disability - French Context and Tariff Methodology; Recent Developments in the German Disability market; New Product Designs in the UK Disability market; Disability Insurance in the Netherlands; Best Practice in UK Claims Management; and Claims Management Techniques Revisited.)
Issue: August, 2006Language: 简体
Authors:
Patricia Bailer,
Andy Baillargeon,
Jennifer Daigle,
Drew King
Summary: 这期«保险观察»是伤残保险双专辑的第一辑。讨论的题材包括伤残保险在美国 – 人口、需求及分布;个人伤残保险的新兴产品及参与者;行动比趋势的声势还要大;数据不完整？ 一个调整核保分析的方法及互联网及伤残理赔风险管理。
(This issue of Risk Insights® is the first of a two-part series on disability insurance. Topics discussed are Disability Insurance in the U.S.--Demographics, Demand, and Distribution; Emerging Products and Players in Individual DI; Actions Speak Louder than Trends; Data Not perfect? One Approach for Adjusting Underwriting Analysis and The Internet and Disability Claim Risk Management.)
Issue: November, 2005Language: 简体
Authors:
Hai Luc,
Robert Pokorski
Summary: 本期《保险观察》主题为死亡率– 分析过去,预计未来。题材包括实验室测试的成本与效益;及理解过去—分析死亡率经验时需要考虑的地方。
This issue of Risk Insights features discussion on Mortality - Analyzing the Past and Projecting the Future. Topics discussed are Cost/Benefit of Laboratory Tests; and Making Sense of the Past--Issues to Consider When Analysing Mortality Experience.
Issue: May, 2005Language: 简体
Authors:
Marcus OSullivan,
Ross Campbell,
Eddy Fabrizio,
James Louw
Summary: 本期《保险观察》的主题为简易承保产品。由于另类的销售渠道、新发展市场及核保工具,以及高成本的经济环境和低利率的因素,这些产品渐渐为市场所欢迎。本期的文章讨论产品开发的考虑、抵押保障、意外风险和保证承保产品。
This issue of Risk Insights features a discussion on Simplified Issue Insurance. Topics discussed are Guaranteed Acceptance with Pre-Existing Condition Exclusions; Product Development Considerations for a Simplified Issue Product; Simplified Issue Life Products and Mortgage Protection; and Accident Products in South Africa.
Issue: August, 2004Language: 简体
Authors:
Robert Pokorski,
Thomas Ashley,
Dirk Nieder,
Ulrich Pasdika,
Philip Velazquez
Summary: 本期的《保险观察》重点讨论老年人风险。文章包括GREAT老年人风险评估,私人长期护理保险,老年人产品市场及老年人冠心病的情况。
This issue of Risk Insights features a discussion on Elderly Risks. Topics discussed are GREAT Risk Assessment in the Elderly, Private Long Term Care Protection, Products in the Elderly Market, and Coronary Heart Disease in the Elderly.
Issue: May, 2004Language: 简体
Authors:
San-Marie Crause,
Charles Meintel
Summary: 本期《保险观察》专题探讨恐怖主义带来的相关问题。讨论的题材包括恐怖主义引起的风险集中的核保及定价问题;长期伤残保险定价中安全系数的必要性,包括恐怖主义风险; 澳大利亚风险保险市场的恐怖主义及战争、动乱与恐怖主义对团体寿险、健康险和伤残险业务的影响。
This issue of Risk Insights features a discussion on Terrorism. Topics discussed are Pricing and Underwriting for Concentration of Risk Due to Terrorism, Need for Contingency Loads in Pricing LTD, Including Terrorism Risk, Terrorism in the Australian Risk Insurance Market and the Impact of War, Riot and Terrorism Risk on Group Life, Health and Disability Business.
Issue: February, 2004Language: 简体
Authors:
San-Marie Crause,
Libby Zimmerman,
Karsten Kroll
Summary: 本期《保险观察》为大家带来了团体保险系列讨论的第二部分,主要包括团体保险定价与核保、团体重大疾病险、团体险原则、巨额健康险理赔以及长期护理核保实际操作等问题。本期还为读者带来了一个全新的主题—“Gen Re LifeHealth 透視”。本主题重点介绍了Gen Re的客户尤为关心的问题,比如最新的业务手册、指导方针、调查报告、出版刊物、客户研讨会以及行业活动等。
This is the second of a two-part series on group insurance. Featured in this issue are articles on group life pricing and underwriting, group dread disease, principles of group insurance, management of catastrophic health claims, and long term care underwriting practices. This issue also marks the beginning of an Inside Gen Re LifeHealth section that highlights developments of special interest to Gen Re clients, such as new manuals, guidelines, surveys, publications, client seminars, and industry activities.
Issue: August, 2003Language: 简体
Authors:
Thomas Hartlett,
Thomas Ashley,
Joe Atamaniuk,
Ross Campbell,
Therese Droste,
Sabine Fischer-Hamm,
Tony Forte,
Stephen Rowley,
Peter Sauer
Summary: 本期《保险观察》主要讨论Gen Re的核保技术。这种技术有助于我们的客户迅速作出准确连贯的核保决定。而另一篇文章则介紹了FacWorld, 通过此服务，保险公司可以通过互联网向Gen Re 提交个案，并可以获得大量有用的信息。其它文章一一介绍我们针对人寿保险、重大疾病保险、长期护理保险和残障收入附加保险产品所编制的电子版的核保核保手册。
This issue of Risk Insights® focuses on Gen Re electronic technologies that help our clients make rapid, accurate and consistent underwriting decisions. The lead article discusses COMPASS, a product designed to provide immediate underwriting decisions on life, income protection, accident, long term care, and dread disease applications. Another highlights FacWorld, a service that enables insurers to submit cases to Gen Re via the Internet and access a host of useful data sources. Also featured are discussions of our electronic underwriting manuals for life, critical illness, long term care, and disability income rider products.
Issue: May, 2003Language: 简体
Authors:
Traci Lilly,
Robert Pokorski,
Ian Cox,
Irene Ng,
Dave Nicholas,
Ulrich Pasdika
Summary: 本期《保险观察》集中讨论老龄问题。讨论的范围包括：从精算角度看老龄与死亡率；从亚洲角度看老年人保险；次标准体年金保险核保；第二人死亡保险的随机分析、从亚洲角度看老年人保险、保险精算协会长期护理理赔经验1984-1999的跨公司研究以及定价。
This issue of Risk Insights® features a discussion on Longevity. Topics discussed are Longevity and Mortality Tables: An Actuarial Perspective; Underwriting Impaired Annuities; Stochastic Analysis of Mortality Risk of Second-to-Die Life Products; Underwriting the Elderly: An Asian Perspective; Society of Actuaries Long Term Care Experience Inter-company Study 1984-1999; and Pricing .
Issue: February, 2003Language: 简体
Authors:
Sharon Coetzee,
Jutta Eich,
Neal Jones,
Linda Winterbottom
Summary: 这是《保险观察》第一次全期刊载有关理赔的专辑。题材包括人寿保险的诈骗、已发展国家的理赔管理；三篇有关管理失能险理赔的讨论。
This is the first issue of Risk Insights® that is totally devoted to claims. Topics include life insurance fraud, claims management in developing countries and three articles on managing disability claims.
Issue: November, 2002Language: 简体
Authors:
Thomas Ashley,
Eugene Dean,
Dave Nicholas,
Dirk Nieder,
Stephen Rowley,
Peter Sauer,
Andres Webersinke
Summary: 本期《保险观察》集中讨论财务核保。讨论文章包括：大额保险的核保；从英国、日本及东南亚国家的角度看特定市场的财务核保；美国的财务核保现况；失能收入保障保险市场的财务分析方面的现况及挑战；“长期护理险需要财务核保吗?”；"GeneralCologne Re宣布退推出北美寿险核保手册重大修订版"。
This issue of Risk Insights® features a discussion on Financial Underwriting. Topics discussed are Large Case Underwriting, A UK Perspective, Country-Specific Needs for Financial Underwriting, A Japanese perspective and ASEAN Perspective, Financial Underwriting in the U.S., Current Practices and Challenges of Financial Analysis in the Disability Income Market, Financial Underwriting for Disability Income Insurance, Does Long Term Care need Financial Underwriting, and GeneralCologne RE Announces Major Update of North American Life Underwriting Manual.
Issue: August, 2002Language: 简体
Authors:
Robert Pokorski,
Scott K. Reid,
Louise Sutton,
Ross Campbell,
Andy Perkins,
Stephen Rowley
Summary: 本期《保险观察》集中讨论长期护理险。题材包括：美国长期护理险的现况；GeneralCologne Re的网上长期护理险手册；补偿性的长期护理险及患者在被确诊为痴呆后的生存状况。
This issue of Risk Insights® features a discussion on Long Term Care Insurance. Topics discussed are the status of the U.S. long term care market, GeneralCologne Re's Internet-Based Long Term Care Manual, Long Term Care in the U.K., Indemnity Long Term Care Insurance and Survival after Diagnosis of Dementia.
Issue: May, 2002Language: 简体
Authors:
Scott Reid,
Mel Yates,
Karsten Kroll,
Siu Yin Liu
Summary: 这是关于重大疾病保险两期专辑的第二期。文章包括：加速重大疾病保险的定价和趋势；英国重大疾病市场的趋势；重大疾病的简易核保及亚洲的重大疾病险市场。
This issue of Risk Insights® is the second of a two-part series on critical illness (dread disease) insurance. The articles included in this issue discuss pricing for trends in accelerated dread diseasae insurance, trends in UK critical illness experience, simplified underwriting in dread disease and dread disease insurance in Asia.
Issue: February, 2002Language: 简体
Authors:
Robert Pokorski,
Dianne Steyn,
Sharon Coetzee,
Tony Forte,
Karsten Kroll,
Siu Yin Liu,
Peter Temple
Summary: 本期《保险观察》是探讨重大疾病的两期专辑的第一期。本期集中讨论不同市场的险种，包括女性重大疾病产品的详细讨论。同时亦会探讨险种开发的一个重要的环节，就是如何根据现时能诊断疾病的病徵的先进医学技术来改良承保事故的限定。
This issue of Risk Insights® is the first of a two-part series on critical illness (dread disease) insurance. The issue focuses on product variety in different markets, including a detailed discussion of female dread disease products. Also addressed is one of the principal concerns of those responsible for product development -- updating event definitions in response to medical advanced that permit diagnosis at earlier stages of disease.
Issue: November, 2001Language: 简体
Authors:
Ross Ainslie,
Robert Pokorski,
John Turner,
David Wesley,
Laura Vecchione
Summary:
本期《保险观察》集中讨论老年保险。文章包括：年老保险投保人中虚弱的探查和意义；年老人寿核保中的功能评估，年老非健康年金；非健康年金的核保；早期痴呆所造成的与年龄相关的不同程度的记忆力丧失；原发性皮肤黑素瘤 - SEER死亡率跟进 和精算生命分析法。
This issue features a discussion insurance for elderly lives. The articles included in this issue are Detection and Significance of Frailty in Elderly Insurance Applicants, Functional Assessment in Underwriting the Elderly, Annuities for Impaired Elderly Lives, Underwriting Impaired Annuities, Differentiating Age-Related Memory Loss from Early Dementia, and Primary Cutaneous Melanoma.
Issue: May, 2001Language: 简体
Authors:
Tom Hinrichs,
Charles Meintel,
Jane Dorter,
Jutta Eich,
Eddy Fabrizio,
Daren Hotham,
Adrian Mak,
Kevin Riley,
Stephen Rowley,
Peter Sauer
Summary:
这是残障收入保险两期专辑的第二辑。本期集中讨论核保和定价的问题， 文章包括：利用国际经验去定价的危险：澳大利亚和新西兰个人残障收入保障经验的比较；美国长期残障保险的定价和利润：是转向的时候了吗?；超越计算，选择更好的伤残风险；针对在家工作者的核保和理赔考虑的因素；次标准伤残险的核保；收入保障保险的核保-加费与除外条款；个人长期护理保险作为个人残障保险的延续； 有效的伤残理赔- 科隆再 保险公司为德国人寿保险公司提供一项独特的服务；案例管理：将案例管理技巧运用到理赔管理上。
This is the second of a two-part series on disability income insurance, with emphasis on underwriting and pricing. The articles included in this issue are Dangers of Using International Experience for Pricing, U.S. Long Term Disability Pricing and Profitability, Looking Beyond the Calculations for Better Disability Risk Selection, Underwriting and Claims considerations for Home-Based Workers, Underwriting Substandard Disability Insurance, Underwriting Income Protection Benefits, Individual Long Term Care as Part of the Individual Disability Insurance Continuum, Effective Disability Claims Underwriting, and Case Management-Transferring the Skills to Claims Management.
Issue: February, 2001Language: 简体
Authors:
Ross Ainslie,
San-Marie Crause,
Peter Crelinstein,
David Pitcher,
Robert Pokorski,
Esther Schütz,
Russ Stogsdill,
Robert Taylor,
Ross Campbell,
Sharon Coetzee,
Jane Dorter,
Therese Droste,
Friedrich Müller,
Hilde Steinhauser,
Peter Temple
Summary: 这是残障收入保险两期专辑的第一辑。本期讨论包括：美国团体长期残障保险；COMET的扩展教育计划及培训地区；通过设计新产品和加强理赔管理显著改善伤残险种的财务业绩；英国收入保障市场的经验；德国和荷兰的残障保险；个案管理：将个案管理技巧运用到理赔管理上；电子核保手册的更新增强功版本，在残障保险理赔管理过程中的医疗纪录评估；英国的伤残理赔管理；丙型肝炎病毒感染在日本。
This is the first of a two-part series on Disability Income Insurance. The articles included in this issue are Group Long-Term Disability Insurance in the U.S., COMET Expands Educational Programme and Training Locations, Financial Performance of Disability Products is Significantly Improved by New Product Design and Enhanced Claims Management, Income Protection Experience in the UK Market, Disability Schemes in Germany and the Netherlands, Case Management, Transferring the Skills to Claims Management, Using Work Task Definitions of Disability for Income Protection Policies, Electronic Underwriting Manual Updated and Enhanced, Medical Record Assessment in the Disability Claim Management Process, Managing Disability Claims in the United Kingdom, Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Japan.
Issue: November, 2000Language: 简体
Authors:
Robert Pokorski,
Tom Coleman,
Marianne Kutzner,
Siu Yin Liu
Summary: 本期《保险观察》的文章讨论了次标准保险费的计算和管理，长期护理险和危险职业险中的次标准核保，给予传统标准保险的计算和管理，长期护理和危险职业险中的次标准核保，给予传统标准下的“不可保的”人士的创新的产品，以及如何评定次标准风险的实际意见。
An endless array of insurance products is offered throughout the world, and the underwriting philosophy of these covers varies company by company. The articles included in this issue are Substandard Risk Premiums, Substandard Long Term Care Insurance, Insuring the Uninsurable?, GeneralCologne Re Hosts Symposia On Genetic Research, How to Place a Substandard Risk, Occupational Underwriting, and Hepatitis B Virus Infection in China.
Issue: September, 2000Language: 简体
Authors:
Stephen Beker,
Thomas Hulst,
Traci Lilly,
Robert Pokorski,
Jim Bachman,
John Campbell,
Joseph Wallen
Summary: 由于保险人的资本管理需要进一步扩张，再保险业务也就显得尤其重要。
As insurers' capital management needs continue to expand, there is growing interest in using reinsurance to satisfy these needs.
Issue: July, 2000Language: 简体
Authors:
Drew F. King,
William P. Molmen,
Thomas Parry,
Philip Clay,
Peter Temple
Summary: 本期《保险观察》集中于讨论综合福利， 一场雇员福利的变革。
This issue focuses on Integrated Benefits, a revolutionary change in the way employee benefits are delivered to the workforce.
Issue: May, 2000Language: 简体
Authors:
Kerstin Berberich,
Bernd Heistermann,
Marianne Heymowski,
Eva Scharfstein,
Sabine Fischer-Hamm,
Andres Webersinke
Summary: 本期介绍了我们的保险业来说是一个相应较新的销售渠道 - 银行保险。
This issue brings you a broad view of Bancassurance, a relatively new distribution channel for our industry.
Issue: February, 2000Language: 简体
Authors:
Einat Gotlieb,
Tom McWilliams,
Michael Ortmann,
Robert Pokorski,
Markus Rüttermann
Summary: 保险行业目前所面临的挑战是日趋激烈的竞争与销售额的下跌。与此同时，新的销售渠道的出现可以有效的改变这些趋势。本期《保险观察》主要描述了在新世纪中越来越重要的两种分销渠道：直销与互联网。
The challenges the industry faces with heightened competition and declining sales are many, yet at the same time, there are new avenues of distribution that could help counter this trend.This issue of Risk Insights focuses on two of these avenues which will take on more and more importance as we progress into the new century: Direct Marketing and the Internet.
Issue: September, 1999Language: 简体
Authors:
Markus Rüttermann,
Richard Willets,
Dirk Nieder
Summary:
本期《保险观察》集中讨论死亡率和寿命的问题。
This issue features discussions of mortality trends and longevity risks.
Issue: August, 1999Language: 简体
Authors:
Jon Gice,
Grit Läuter,
Dirk Nieder,
Lewis Palca
Summary: 本期《保险观察》是健康保险两期专辑的第一辑。由于私人保险公司提供这种保障以取代现有社会保障或提供比社会保障更吸引的条件，这使到产品将会在全球的市场迅速发展。我們討論傳統及管理式的護理要注意的地方。
This is the first of a two-part overview of Health Insurance. Significant growth in this product will occur worldwide as private insurers develop covers that replace existing social security benefits or duplicate these benefits at more attractive terms. Both traditional and managed care considerations are addressed.
Health Insurance, Part 2 will be published in November 1999.
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